Automatic draft conditioner



April 26, 1932. H, GOLDBERG 1,856,054

AUTOMATI C DRAFT CONDI TIONER Filed Sept. 11, 1930 4,SheetsSheet l Emmav2"- 7mm 2mm) April 26, 1932. H. GOLDBERG AUTOMATIC DRAFT CONDITIONERFiled Sept. 11, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 26,. 1932. 1,856,054

H. GOLDBERG AUTOMATIC DRAFT CONDITIONER 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 11,1950 April 26, 1932.

H. GOLDBERG AUTOMATIC DRAFT CONDITIONER Filed Sept. 11, 1930 4Sheets-Sheet 4 jzvezzzbit' hill) dill lid

Patented Apr. 26, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ASSIGNOR '10 WOLFFCOAL SAVER OOH- CORIORATIQN OF DELAWARE AUTOMATIC DRAFT CONDITIONERApplication filed September 11, 1930. Serial No. 481,110.

My invention relates to draft regulating mechanism and one of theobjects is the provision of automatic mechanism for regulat ingthe draftin a heating system in accordance with the supply of fuel thereto.

it. further object of the invention is the pro vision of an improved andefficient controlling system for both a draft conditioner and automaticmechanism for supplying the fuel, so as to secure operation thereof inunison.

Another object of the invention is the provision ct automatic means fortemporarily opening wide a damper when fuel is first automaticallysupplied to a furnace and then permitting the damper to move to anintermediate position to be occupied during the operation of thefurnace, and to substantially close the damper when the supply of fuelis discontinued.

it. further object of the invention is the provision of means foroperating a damper embodying a retarding" device to efiect movement ofthe damper from a wide open position or temporary running position to anintermediate or normal running position.

A further object of the invention is the provision ct means forelectro-magnetically operating the damper and controlling such operationin unison with the control of an electric motor operated fuel supplyingmechanism to secure opening of the damper when fuel is supplied andclosing of the damper when the supply of fuel is out off.

Uther objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novelfeatures and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

in the accompanying drawing% Fig. l is an elevational view of myimproved electro-magnetic mechanism for operating a damper, the partsbeing shown in position when the damper is substantially closed; I

lFig. 2 is a side elevational view of the electromagnetic damperoperating mechanism, parts being broken away to show the details oi" theinterior construction;

Fig. 3 is an elevational View similar to Fig. l, but with theclectro-magnet energized for movement of the damper to its initial orterm porarily wide open position;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating the position that theparts will take after the electro-magnet has been energized and thedamper has moved to its intermediate or normal running position;

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a furnace with my improvementscombinedtherewith and with a motor operated Stoker or fuel supplying apparatus;

Flg. 6 is a wiring diagram of the circuits and connections of the meansfor controlling the electromagnetic damper operating device and themotor of the electrically operated stoker; and I Fig. 7 is an enlargedView, matic, to show the overload tripping device. 7

Referring to Figs. 1 and 5 it will be seen that the flue 8 which leadsfrom the furnace 9 is provided with a damper 10 which when in its dottedline position shown in Fig. 1, is in its so-called closed position,although not entirely so. This upright position shown in dotted lines inFig. 1 is the position that the damper occupies when the furnace isbanked. a

The damper 10 is secured to a rock shaft 11 which is mounted'in suitablebearings 12 of the flue 8 as shown in Fig. 2. To the rock shaft 11 issecured a lever, one arm 14 of which is provided-with an adjustableweight 15 and the other arm 16' of which is provided with a transversepin ,17, the lateral ends of which project into the slots 18 in theupper end portions of the links 19, 19.

The lower ends of the links 19, 19 are piv oted at 20 to the upper endof the plunger 21 which extends downwardly into the solenoid 22.

Theupward movement of the arm 16 and the upward movement of the plunger21 are limited by oncof the links 19 at its upper end striking .againstthe stop screw 23. This stop screw is adjustable relatively to thestationary bracket 24 and may be secured 1n adjusted position by meansofthe lock nuts 25. A casing 26 entirely encloses the solenoid 22, theplunger 21, the' links 19 and the arm 16, but the arml i'projectsthrough a slot in the left-hand portion of the casing partlydiagramcircuit breaker 26 and this slot permits suflicient freedom of22, the rapid downward movement of the plunger 21 from the positionshown in Fig. 1 will cause Zthe parts to assume the positions shown inFig. 3. The momentum of the weight 15 will be suflicient to throw thearm 14 to its uppermost position against the upper limit of the slot in:the u per lefthand portion of the casing 26. en the solenoid is firstenergized the pin 17 is engaged by the upper ends of the slots 18 andsuch engagement continues while the plunger 21 is moving downwardly anduntil the plunger reaches the lower limit of its stroke shown in Fig.3,'whereupon the momentum of the weight 15 will cause the pin 17 to ridealong the slots 18 until the pin 17 is at the lower ends of these slotsas shown in Fig. 3.

When the fuel is first supplied to the furnace as hereinafter more fullydescribed, the solenoid 22 is energized and the damper 10 is moved toits wide open or horizontal position, which is the temporary runningposition. This movement is effected by the energization of theelectro-magnet and the consequent momentum exerted on the weight 15.After the positions of the parts shown in Fig. 3 have been attained itis desirable that the weight 15 should move downwardly with Y a retardedmovement so that the damper 10 during operation of the furnace willoccupy the-position shown in Fig. 4, this position being the normalrunning position.

As shown in Fig. 2 friction discs 28, preferably of fibrous'material,are mounted on the pins 17 between the lateral ends of the arm 16 andthe upper ends of the links 19. A bolt 29 extends freely throughopenings in the links 19 and its screw threaded end is provided with acompression spring 30. Two nuts 31 and 32 are mounted on the screwthreaded end of the bolt 29 and the head 33 of the bolt acts as anabutment. It will thus be seen that the spring 30 acts on one of thelinks 19 and on the nut 32 to exert pres! sure on the links 19 againstthe friction discs 28. The pin'17 .extends through perforations in thecenters of the friction discs 28.

When the electro-magnet is energized its plunger 21 is suddenly pulleddown and the weight 15 consequently flies to its uppermost positionshown in Fig. 3. After the plunger 21 has been pulled to its lowe mostlimit, the weight 15 starts to descend, but the movement is retarded byreason-of the braking action afforded by the friction discs and thespring pressure exerted thereon. The damper 10 will therefore moveslowly from its horizontal or wide open position shown in Fig. 3 to itsslanting or normal running position shown in Fig. 4. During thismovement of the damper from its temporary running'position to its normalrunning position the fuel supply is continuing and the operation of thefurnace is well under way by the time that the damper reaches its normalrunning position.

Automatic stokers and automatic oil burners for heating systemsoperate-intermittently and it is therefore desirable to operate thedamper intermittently and in unison with the starting and stopping ofthe fuel supply. The cycle of operation of the heating system is usuallycontrolled by a series of protective and controlled devices such aspressurestats, thermostats, aquastats, stack switches, low-watercut-off, etc. In Fig. '5 I have shown m improvements adapted to afurnace provi ed with a motor operated stoker, but it should beunderstood that other types of automatic fuel supplying mechanism may beused if desired; for instance, an automatic motor operated oil burner.In Fig. 5 the automatic stoker 34 is provided with a hop er 35 forreceiving the fuel to be supplie The automatic stoker is operated bymeans of an electric motor 37.

Fig. 6 shows a wiring diagram of the circuits and connections of thesystem shown in Fig. 5. A main line switch 38 is adapted to connect thesupply mains 39 to the conductors 40, 41 and 42 through the fuses 43, 44and 45. An electro-magnetic switch 46 is provided to connect theconductors 40 and 42 to the solenoid 22 of the electro-magnctic damperoperating device or draft conditioner. An electro-magnetic switch 47 isadapted to connect the conductors 40, 41 and 42 to the electric motor 37which is connected to the stoker 34 as shown in Fig. 5.

The'electro-magnets 48 and 49 of the electro-magnetic switches 46 and 47are connected in parallel, so that whenever one is energized, the otherwill also beenergized. Consequently, whenever the electro-magneticswitch 46 1s closed,- the electro-magnetic switch 47 will also beclosed. The arrangement is therefore such that whenever the motor 37receives power from the supply mains to start the fuel su plyinmechanism in operation, the solenoi 22 of the electromagnetic draftconditioner will also be energized. In other words, just as soon as themotor 37 starts, the solenoid will be energized and the damper 10 willbe moved to its wide open or temporary running position.

In Fig. 6 a so-called summer and winter to the furnace 36.

switch or double throw switch 48 is adapted to connect the thermostat 49and the pressurestat 50 in series with the protective switches 51, 52and 53 when the switch is in its upper position in engagement with thecontacts 54 and 55 and to connect the aquastat 56 in series with saidprotective switches when in engagement with the contacts 57 and 58.

When the switch 48 engages the contacts 54 and 55 a circuit will beestablished as follows: Conductors 42, 59, switch 48', contact 54,conductor 60, the mercury switch 61, conductor 62, mercury switch 63,conductor 64, contact 55, switch 48, conductor 65, switch 53, conductor66, switch 52, conductor 67, switch 51 and conductor 68. At 69 thecurrent divides; one portion flowsthrough the conductor 70 and the otherportion through the conductor 71. The current therefore flows throughthe electro-magnets 48 and 49 in parallel. From the electro-magnet 49the current flows through the conductor 72 to the conductor 40 and fromthe electro-magnet 48 the current flows through the conductor 7 3 to theconductor 72.

When the switch 48' engages the contacts 57 and 58 the mercury switch 74will be substituted for the mercury switches 61 and 63, The. currentwill therefore flow from the conductor 59 to the switch 48, theconductor 75, mercury switch 74, conductor 76 to the contact 58 andthence through the switch 48 to the conductor 65.

in Fig. 5 the aquastat 56 is shown in its positionon the front of afurnace where it may project into the water in the boiler. In summertime when the heating of thejouilding is unnecessary, but hot water isdesired, the aquastat 56 is thrown into circuit and the pipes 77 and 78employed in the hot water circulating system. When the temperature ofthe water falls to a predetermined minimum the aquastat will operate totilt the mercury switch 74 on its pivot to the position shown in Fig. 6,whereupon the electromagnetic switch 47 will be operated to start theelectric motor 37, so that fuel will be supplied until the water becomessufficiently heated, whereupon the aquastat will operate automaticallyto interrupt the circuit and the current will be out 01f from the motor37. At the same'time the motor 37 starts to operate. the draftconditioner opens the damper wide and this is followed by movement ofthe damper to its normal running position. en the motor 37 isdeenergized the sole noid 22 will also be deenergized.

Although in Fig. 5 I have not shown the thermostat 49', it should beunderstood that such control switches and others of similar types may beused in the heating system,

particularly in winter time, when the switch 48 engages the contacts 54and 55. .The mercury switches 61 and 63 are of the usual type comprisinga globule of mercury in a glass vacuum tube which is pivoted so that theterminals which project into the same will be connected or disconnectedby the mercury. For instance, when the temperature drops to apredetermined amount, the mercury will connect the terminals andlikewise when the pressure of the heating medium in the furnace remainsbelow a predetermined amount, the terminals in the electric switch willremain connected. After the furnace has opera-ted to such an extent thatthe temperature desired has been reached, the mercury switch 63 will beopened and furnace exceeds a predetermined amount, the switch 61 will beopened. The opening of either one of these switches will cause both ifthe pressure in the of the electro-magnetic switches 46 and 47 to becomedeenergized to effect discontinuance of the supply fuel and the closingof the damper 10.

It is also desirable to provide protective devices which will operate ascircuit breakers to protect the motor 37 and the solenoid 22 from beingover-heated or burned out.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown diagrammatically a heating coil 79associated with a cup 80 for containing solder 81. Associated with thecup is a ratchet Wheel 82 provided with a vertical spindle 83 extendingthrough the solder 81.

Engaging the ratchet wheel 82 is a resilient pawl 84 which is connectedto the switch bar 85 mounted to slide in the fixed guideways 86, 87 Anarm 88 extends laterally from the bar 85 and a spring 89 is connectedbetween this arm and the anchorage 90.

Spring 89 tends to move the bar 85,toward the right, as viewed in Fig.6, but this movement is limited by the collar 91 on the left hand end ofthe bar 85. Likewise a spring 92 is connected between-the fixed guideway87 and the pawl 84. I

When the electro-magnetic switch '46 is closed, the switch arms 93 and94 engage the contacts 95 and 96 respectively and a circuit is thereforeclosed from the conductor 40 to the conductor 72 and thence through thecontact 95, switch arm 93 and conductor 97 to the solenoid 22; thecircuit continues through the conductor, 98, heating element 79,conductor 99, switch arm 94 and conductor 100 to the conductor 42. Whenthe current flow through this circuit becomes excessive, the heatingelement 79 will melt the solder 81 and permit the ratchet wheel 82 toturn the spindle 83, whereupon the springs 89 and 92 will move theswitch rod toward the right. This will cause the arm 101 to open theswitch 51, against the action of the spring 102. The opening of theswitch 51 will interrupt the circuit of the electro-magnets 48 and 49,whereupon the motor 37 will be cut off from its source of power and thesolenoid 22 will be deenergized. The supply of fuel will stop and thedamper will be closed.

A similar protective arrangement may be provided for the motor 37 andthe electromagnetic switch 47. The ratchet wheel devices 103 and 104 areeach similar to that shown in Fig.- 7 and are respectively provided withthe heating elements 105 and 106. It should be particularly noted thatthese heating elements are in circuit with two different phases of themotor 37. When the electro-magnet 49 is energized, the switch arms 107,108 and 109 are respectively connected to the contacts 110, 111 and 112.The supply mains 40, 41 and 42 will then be connected to the conductors113, 114 and 115 which lead directly to the electric motor 37.

' right upon the the bar 117, but .indepen The heating elements 105 and106 are in the conductors 114 and 115.

If the current in the conductor 114 should become excessive, thetripping device 103' will act to permit the spring 116 to move the bar117 toward the right, thereby causing the arm 118 to 'open the switch 52against the action of the spring 119.

The bar 117 is arranged to move toward the tripping of either of thedevices 103 or 104. Therefore if either phase 114 or 115 becomesover-heated, the circuit of the electro-magnets 48 and 49 will beinterrupted. If the device 103 releases the resilient pawl 120, thesprin 116 and 121 act to move the bar 117 towar the right and the arms118 and 122 will open the switches 52 and 53. A fixed abutment 123limits the movementof the bar 117 toward the right.

It should be particularly noted that the other resilient pawl 124projects into a slot 125 in the bar 117, so as to provide lost motionfor the springs 116 and 121, to move the bar 117 to the right when thedevice 103 trips and the device 104 still holds. If the device 103 holdsand the device 104 trips, the springs 116 and 126 act to move the bar117 toward the right, while the left hand end of the bar moves away fromthe pawl 120. The pawls 120 and 124 may be provided for slidingmovements along guides in (paths parallel to p ent thereof, as

shown in Fig. 6 at 129 and 130, j v:

The bars 85 and 117 are provided with push buttons 127 ping devices mayI Y may be only temporary and if 'so thej'soldeiwill automaticallybecomerehardenedto again hold tlfe ratchet wheels in position andconsequently, when the bars 85andf11 areg moved back to their lefthandposition's, the automatic mechanism for controlling the pawls 84,120 and 124 bebrou'ght into reengagement with the ratchet [wheels to beheld thereby with the switches 51, 52fand, 53 in closed positions. p i

Obviously those skilled in the art may anake various changes in thedetailand arrangement of parts withoutdeparting from the and i 128 sozthatithe .trip-' be reset. Theoverheatin'g spirit and scope of theinvention as defined by the claims hereto appended and I wish thereforenot to be restricted to the precise construction disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention what Idesire to have secured by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. Thecombination with a heating unit comprising fuel supplying mechanismhaving an electric motor, of a damper, electro magnetic mechanism foroperating said damper, a switch for controlling the suppl of current tosaid motor, a separate switc for controlling the supply of current tosaid electro-magnetic mechanism, electro-magnets connected in parallelfor operating said switches, an automatic mercury switch for controllingsaid electro-magnets, and overload circuit breaking mechanism forinterrupting the circuits of said electro-magnets upon over-load on thedamper electro-magnetic mechanism or on the motor.

2. The combination with a heating unit comprising fuel supplyingmechanism having a motor, of automatic means for controlling theoperation of said motor, a damper, electro-magnetic mechanism foroperating said damper, and circuit breaking mechanism 0 rable upon thecurrent flow through said e ectro-magnetic mechanism exceeding apredetermined amount to cut ofi the current from the motor at the sametime that the current is cut off from said electro-magnetic mechanism toeffect discontinuance of iuel supply while said damper is in closedposition.

( 3. The combination with a heating unit-i comprising fuel supplyingmechanism having an electric motor, of a switch for controlling thesupply of current to said motor, an electro-magnet for operating saidswitch, a

damper,

the supply of current to said electro-magnetic mechanism, anelectro-magnet for said lastelectro-magnetic mechanism for op cratingsaid'damper, a switch for controlling lm' named switch, conductors forconnecting said switch electro-ma ets in parallel, an automaticallyoperat switch connected to-said electro-magnets forcontrollingde-energization thereof simultaneously, and an overload circuit breakercomprising a switch for interelectro-magnets when the.current throughsaid damper electro-magnetic mechanism exceeds a predetermined amount.

4, The combination with a heating unit, of

: same, and automatic draft regulating mechoperable in.;synchronism withsaid f automatic controlling mechanism and comfprisinga damper having abanked or closed rupting the supply of current to both of said m ing inoperation and an intermediate or running position while the'heating unitis in operation.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification on this8th day of September, A. D. 1930.

, HERMAN GOLDBERG.

